Compliance With Standard Operating Procedures, Personal Protective Equipment Use, and Occupational Accidents Among Construction Workers: A Cross-Sectional Study at CV. Gavra Perkasa Gresik
Main Article Content
Sholichudin Sholichudin
Alfu Zukhrufu Firdausu
Background: Occupational accidents remain a major occupational safety and health concern in construction, where compliance with standard operating procedures (SOPs) and personal protective equipment (PPE) use are central components of safety compliance. This study examined the associations of SOP compliance and PPE use with self-reported occupational accidents among workers at CV. Gavra Perkasa Gresik.
Methods: An analytic cross-sectional study was conducted from March to May 2023. The study population comprised 78 workers, and 65 workers were selected by simple random sampling. SOP compliance and PPE use were assessed by questionnaire, while occupational accidents were defined as self-reported work-related accidents during the preceding 12 months. Because the 2 × 2 tables contained sparse cells, Fisher’s Exact Test was used as the primary inferential test. Crude prevalence ratios (cPRs) with 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated to describe the magnitude of association.
Results: Fifteen of 65 workers (23.1%) reported an occupational accident. All 13 workers classified as non-compliant with SOPs reported an accident compared with 2 of 52 compliant workers (3.8%), corresponding to a cPR of 26.00 (95% CI 6.68–101.20; Fisher’s exact p = 6.39 × 10⁻¹²). All 12 workers classified as non-compliant with PPE use reported an accident compared with 3 of 53 compliant workers (5.7%), corresponding to a cPR of 17.67 (95% CI 5.89–53.03; Fisher’s exact p = 1.13 × 10⁻¹⁰).
Conclusion: SOP compliance and PPE use were strongly associated with reported occupational accidents in this workforce. However, the cross-sectional design, retrospective accident reporting, sparse cells, and absence of multivariable adjustment preclude causal interpretation. The findings support strengthening compliance-related safety practices within a broader occupational safety management system and hierarchy of controls.
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